Reference

Data Classes

Primary data classes:

`Dataset`([items, name, caption, info, n_cases])	Store multiple variables pertaining to a common set of measurement cases
`Factor`(x[, name, random, repeat, tile, ...])	Container for categorial data.
`Var`(x[, name, info, repeat, tile])	Container for scalar data.
`NDVar`(x, dims[, name, info])	Container for n-dimensional data.
`Datalist`([items, name, fmt])	`list` subclass for including lists in in a Dataset.

Model classes (not usually initialized by themselves but through operations on primary data-objects):

`Interaction`(base)	Represents an Interaction effect.
`Model`(x)	A list of effects.

NDVar dimensions (not usually initialized by themselves but through load functions):

`Case`(n[, connectivity])	Case dimension
`Categorial`(name, values[, connectivity])	Simple categorial dimension
`Scalar`(name, values[, unit, tick_format, ...])	Scalar dimension
`Sensor`(locs[, names, sysname, proj2d, ...])	Dimension class for representing sensor information
`SourceSpace`(vertices[, subject, src, ...])	MNE surface-based source space
`VolumeSourceSpace`(vertices[, subject, src, ...])	MNE volume source space
`Space`(directions[, name])	Represent multiple directions in space
`UTS`(tmin, tstep, nsamples[, unit, name])	Dimension object for representing uniform time series

File I/O

Eelbrain objects can be pickled. Eelbrain’s own pickle I/O functions provide backwards compatibility for pickled Eelbrain objects:

`save.pickle`(obj[, dest, protocol])	Pickle a Python object.
`load.unpickle`([path])	Load pickled Python objects from a file.
`save.arrow`(obj[, dest])	Save a Python object with `pyarrow`.
`load.arrow`([file_path])	Load object serialized with `pyarrow`.
`load.update_subjects_dir`(obj, subjects_dir)	Update NDVar SourceSpace.subjects_dir attributes
`load.convert_pickle_protocol`([root, ...])	Load and re-save pickle files with a specific protocol

Import

Functions and modules for loading specific file formats as Eelbrain object:

`load.cnd`([filename, connectivity])	Load continuous neural data (CND) file used in the mTRF-Toolbox
`load.sphere_audio`([filename, name])	Load NIST SPH audio-files (uses sphfile
`load.tsv`([path, names, types, delimiter, ...])	Load a `Dataset` from a text file.
`load.wav`([filename, name, backend])	Load a wav file as NDVar
`load.besa`	Tools for loading data from the BESA-MN pipeline.
`load.mne`	Tools for importing data through mne.

Export

Dataset with only univariate data can be saved as text using the save_txt() method. Additional export functions:

`save.txt`(iterator[, fmt, delim, dest])	Write any object that supports iteration to a text file
`save.wav`(ndvar[, filename, toint])	Save an NDVar as wav file

Sorting and Reordering

`align`(d1, d2[, i1, i2, out])	Align two data-objects based on index variables
`align1`(d, to[, by, out])	Align a data object to an index variable
`Celltable`(y[, x, match, sub, cat, data, ...])	Divide y into cells defined by x.
`choose`(choice, sources[, name])	Combine data-objects picking from a different object for each case
`combine`(items[, name, check_dims, ...])	Combine a list of items of the same type into one item.
`shuffled_index`(n[, cells])	Return an index to shuffle a data-object

NDVar Initializers

`gaussian`(center, width, time)	Gaussian window `NDVar`
`powerlaw_noise`(dims, exponent[, seed])	Gaussian $(1/f)^{exponent}$ noise.

NDVar Operations

NDVar objects support the native abs() and round() functions. See also NDVar methods.

`Butterworth`(low, high, order[, sfreq])	Butterworth filter
`complete_source_space`(ndvar[, fill, mask, to])	Fill in missing vertices on an NDVar with a partial source space
`concatenate`(ndvars[, dim, name, tmin, info, ...])	Concatenate multiple NDVars
`convolve`(h, x[, ds, name])	Convolve `h` and `x` along the time dimension
`correlation_coefficient`(x, y[, dim, name])	Correlation between two NDVars along a specific dimension
`cross_correlation`(in1, in2[, name])	Cross-correlation between two NDVars along the time axis
`cwt_morlet`(y, frequencies[, use_fft, ...])	Time frequency decomposition with Morlet wavelets (mne-python)
`dss`(ndvar)	Denoising source separation (DSS)
`edge_detector`(signal[, c, offset, name])	Neural model for auditory edge-detection, as described by 1 and used in 2
`filter_data`(ndvar[, low, high, name, n_jobs])	Apply `mne.filter.filter_data()` to an NDVar
`find_intervals`(ndvar[, interpolate])	Find intervals from a boolean NDVar
`find_peaks`(ndvar)	Find local maxima in an NDVar
`frequency_response`(b[, frequencies])	Frequency response for a FIR filter
`gammatone_bank`(wav, f_min, f_max, n[, ...])	Gammatone filterbank response
`label_operator`(labels[, operation, exclude, ...])	Convert labeled NDVar into a matrix operation to extract label values
`labels_from_clusters`(clusters[, names])	Create Labels from source space clusters
`maximum`(ndvars[, name])	Element-wise maximum of multiple array-like objects
`minimum`(ndvars[, name])	Element-wise minimum of multiple array-like objects
`morph_source_space`(data[, subject_to, ...])	Morph source estimate to a different MRI subject
`normalize_in_cells`(y, for_dim[, in_cells, ...])	Normalize data in cells to make it appropriate for ANOVA 1
`neighbor_correlation`(x[, dim, obs, func, ...])	Calculate Neighbor correlation
`pad`(ndvar[, tstart, tstop, nsamples, ...])	Pad (or crop) an NDVar in time
`psd_welch`(ndvar[, fmin, fmax, n_fft, ...])	Power spectral density with Welch's method
`resample`(ndvar, sfreq[, npad, window, pad, ...])	Resample an NDVar along the time dimension
`segment`(continuous, times, tstart, tstop[, ...])	Segment a continuous NDVar
`set_connectivity`(data[, dim, connectivity, name])	Change the connectivity of an NDVar or a Dimension
`set_parc`(data, parc[, dim, mask, name])	Change the parcellation of an `NDVar` or `SourceSpace` dimension
`set_time`(ndvar, time[, mode, name])	Crop and/or pad an `NDVar` to match the time axis `time`
`set_tmin`(data[, tmin, name])	Shift the time axis of an `NDVar` relative to its data
`xhemi`(ndvar[, mask, hemi, parc])	Project data from both hemispheres to `hemi` of fsaverage_sym

Temporal Response Functions

`boosting`(y, x, tstart, tstop[, scale_data, ...])	Estimate a linear filter with coordinate descent
`BoostingResult`(y, x, tstart, tstop, ...[, ...])	Result from boosting
`epoch_impulse_predictor`(shape[, value, ...])	Time series with one impulse for each of `n` epochs
`event_impulse_predictor`(shape[, time, ...])	Time series with multiple impulses

Tables

Manipulate data tables and compile information about data objects such as cell frequencies:

`table.cast_to_ndvar`(y, dim_values, match[, ...])	Create an NDVar by converting a data column to a dimension
`table.difference`(y, x, c1, c0, match[, sub, ...])	Subtract data in one cell from another
`table.frequencies`(y[, x, of, sub, data])	Calculate frequency of occurrence of the categories in `y`
`table.melt`(name, cells, cell_var_name, data)	Restructure a Dataset such that a measured variable is in a single column
`table.melt_ndvar`(ndvar[, dim, cells, ds, ...])	Transform data to long format by converting an NDVar dimension into a variable
`table.repmeas`(y, x, match[, sub, data])	Create a repeated-measures table
`table.stats`(y, row[, col, match, sub, fmt, ...])	Make a table with statistics

Statistics

Univariate statistical tests:

`test.Correlation`(y, x[, sub, data])	Pearson product moment correlation between y and x
`test.RankCorrelation`(y, x[, sub, data])	Spearman rank correlation between y and x
`test.TTestOneSample`(y[, match, sub, data, ...])	One-sample t-test
`test.TTestIndependent`(y, x[, c1, c0, match, ...])	Independent measures t-test
`test.TTestRelated`(y, x[, c1, c0, match, ...])	Related-measures t-test
`test.ANOVA`	Univariate ANOVA.
`test.pairwise`(y, x[, match, sub, data, par, ...])	Pairwise comparison table
`test.ttest`(y[, x, against, match, sub, ...])	T-tests for one or more samples
`test.correlations`(y, x[, cat, sub, ds, asds])	Correlation with one or more predictors
`test.pairwise_correlations`(xs[, sub, data, ...])	Pairwise correlation table
`test.MannWhitneyU`(y, x[, c1, c0, match, ...])	Mann-Whitney U-test (non-parametric independent measures test)
`test.WilcoxonSignedRank`(y, x[, c1, c0, ...])	Wilcoxon signed-rank test (non-parametric related measures test)
`test.lilliefors`(data[, formatted])	Lilliefors' test for normal distribution

Mass-Univariate Statistics

`testnd.TTestOneSample`(y[, popmean, match, ...])	Mass-univariate one sample t-test
`testnd.TTestRelated`(y, x[, c1, c0, match, ...])	Mass-univariate related samples t-test
`testnd.TTestIndependent`(y, x[, c1, c0, ...])	Mass-univariate independent samples t-test
`testnd.TContrastRelated`(y, x, contrast[, ...])	Mass-univariate contrast based on t-values
`testnd.ANOVA`(y, x[, sub, data, samples, ...])	Mass-univariate ANOVA
`testnd.Correlation`(y, x[, norm, sub, data, ...])	Mass-univariate correlation
`testnd.Vector`(y[, match, sub, data, ...])	Test a vector field for vectors with non-random direction
`testnd.VectorDifferenceRelated`(y, x[, c1, ...])	Test difference between two vector fields for non-random direction

The tests in this module produce maps of statistical parameters, and implement different methods to compute corresponding maps of p-values that are corrected for multiple comparison:

Permutation for maximum statistic (samples=n): Compute n parameter maps corresponding to n permutations of the data. In each permutation, store the maximum value of the test statistic across the map. This is the distribution of the maximum parameter in a map under the null hypothesis. Then, calculate a p-value for each data point in the original parameter map based on where it lies in this distribution.
Threshold-based clusters 1 (samples=n, pmin=p): Find clusters of data points where the original statistic exceeds a value corresponding to an uncorrected p-value of p. For each cluster, calculate the sum of the statistic values that are part of the cluster (the cluster mass). Do the same in n permutations of the original data and retain for each permutation the value of the largest cluster. Evaluate all cluster values in the original data against the distributiom of maximum cluster values.
Threshold-free cluster enhancement 2 (samples=n, tfce=True): Similar to permutation for maximum statstic, but each statistical parameter map is first processed with the cluster enhancement algorithm.

Two-stage tests

Two-stage tests proceed by estimating parameters for a fixed effects model for each subject, and then testing hypotheses on these parameter estimates on the group level. Two-stage tests are implemented by fitting an LM for each subject, and then combining them in a LMGroup to retrieve coefficients for group level statistics (see Two-stage test example).

`testnd.LM`(y, x[, sub, data, coding, ...])	Fixed effects linear model
`testnd.LMGroup`(lms)	Group level analysis for linear model `LM` objects

References

1(1,2,3): Maris, E., & Oostenveld, R. (2007). Nonparametric statistical testing of EEG- and MEG-data. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 164(1), 177-190. 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.03.024
2(1,2): Smith, S. M., and Nichols, T. E. (2009). Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement: Addressing Problems of Smoothing, Threshold Dependence and Localisation in Cluster Inference. NeuroImage, 44(1), 83-98. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.03.061

Plotting

Plot univariate data (Var objects):

`plot.Barplot`(y[, x, match, sub, cells, ...])	Barplot for a continuous variable
`plot.BarplotHorizontal`(y[, x, match, sub, ...])	Horizontal barplot for a continuous variable
`plot.Boxplot`(y[, x, match, sub, cells, ...])	Boxplot for a continuous variable
`plot.PairwiseLegend`([size, trend])	Legend for colors used in pairwise comparisons
`plot.Scatter`(y, x[, color, size, sub, data, ...])	Scatter-plot
`plot.Histogram`(y[, x, match, sub, data, ...])	Histogram plots with tests of normality
`plot.Regression`(y, x[, cat, match, sub, ...])	Plot the regression of `y` on `x`
`plot.Timeplot`(y, time[, categories, match, ...])	Plot a variable over time

Color tools for plotting:

`plot.colors_for_categorial`(x[, hue_start, cmap])	Automatically select colors for a categorial model
`plot.colors_for_oneway`(cells[, hue_start, ...])	Define colors for a single factor design
`plot.colors_for_twoway`(x1_cells, x2_cells[, ...])	Define cell colors for a two-way design
`plot.styles_for_twoway`(x1_cells, x2_cells[, ...])	Cross color with linestyle
`plot.unambiguous_color`(color[, lightness, ...])	Generate an unambiguous color
`plot.soft_threshold_colormap`(cmap, ...[, ...])	Soft-threshold a colormap to make small values transparent
`plot.two_step_colormap`(left_max, left[, ...])	Colormap with 2 or 4 gradients (e.g., `white - red - transparent - blue - white`)
`plot.Style`([color, marker, hatch, ...])	Plotting style for `Line2D`, `Patch` and `matplotlib.pyplot.scatter()` plot types.
`plot.ColorBar`(cmap[, vmin, vmax, label, ...])	A color-bar for a matplotlib color-map
`plot.ColorGrid`(row_cells, column_cells, colors)	Plot colors for a two-way design in a grid
`plot.ColorList`(colors[, cells, labels, ...])	Plot colors with labels

xax parameter

Many plots have an xax parameter which is used to sort the data in y into different categories and plot them on separate axes. xax can be specified through categorial data, or as a dimension in y.

If a categorial data object is specified for xax, y is split into the categories in xax, and for every cell in xax a separate subplot is shown. For example, while

>>> plot.Butterfly('meg', data=data)

will create a single Butterfly plot of the average response,

>>> plot.Butterfly('meg', 'subject', data=data)

where 'subject' is the xax parameter, will create a separate subplot for every subject with its average response.

A dimension on y can be specified through a string starting with .. For example, to plot each case of meg separately, use:

>>> plot.Butterfly('meg', '.case', data=data)

General layout parameters

Most plots that also share certain layout keyword arguments. By default, all those parameters are determined automatically, but individual values can be specified manually by supplying them as keyword arguments.

h, wscalar

Height and width of the figure. Use a number ≤ 0 to defined the size relative to the screen (e.g., w=0 to use the full screen width).

axh, axwscalar

Height and width of the axes.

nrow, ncolNone | int

Limit number of rows/columns. If neither is specified, a square layout is produced

marginsdict

Absolute subplot parameters (in inches). Implies tight=False. If margins is specified, axw and axh are interpreted exclusive of the margins, i.e., axh=2, margins={'top': .5} for a plot with one axes will result in a total height of 2.5. Example:

margins={
    'top': 0.5,  # from top of figure to top axes
    'bottom': 1,  # from bottom of figure to bottom axes
    'hspace': 0.1,  # height of space between axes
    'left': 0.5,  #  from left of figure to left-most axes
    'right': 0.1,  # from right of figure to right-most axes
    'wspace': 0.1,  # width of space between axes
}

ax_aspectscalar

Width / height aspect of the axes.

framebool | str

How to frame the axes of the plot. Options:

True (default): normal matplotlib frame, spines around axes
False: omit top and right spines
't': draw spines at x=0 and y=0, common for ERPs
'none': no spines at all

namestr

Window title (not displayed on the figure itself).

titlestr

Figure title (displayed on the figure).

tightbool

Use matplotlib’s tight_layout to resize all axes to fill the figure.

right_ofeelbrain plot

Position the new figure to the right of this figure.

beloweelbrain plot

Position the new figure below this figure.

Plots that do take those parameters can be identified by the **layout in their function signature.

Helper functions

`plot.subplots`([nrows, ncols, axh, axw, h, ...])	Specify `matplotlib.pyplot.subplots()` parameters in inches
`plot.figure_outline`([color, figure])	Draw the outline of the current figure

GUI Interaction

By default, new plots are automatically shown and, if the Python interpreter is in interactive mode the GUI main loop is started. This behavior can be controlled with 2 arguments when constructing a plot:

showbool: Show the figure in the GUI (default True). Use False for creating figures and saving them without displaying them on the screen.
runbool: Run the Eelbrain GUI app (default is True for interactive plotting and False in scripts).

The behavior can also be changed globally using configure().

By default, Eelbrain plots open in windows with enhance GUI features such as copying a figure to the OS clip-board. To plot figures in bare matplotlib windows, configure() Eelbrain with eelbrain.configure(frame=False).

Plotting Brains

The plot.brain module contains specialized functions to plot NDVar objects containing source space data. For this it uses a subclass of PySurfer’s surfer.Brain class. The functions below allow quick plotting. More specific control over the plots can be achieved through the Brain object that is returned.

`plot.brain.brain`(src[, cmap, vmin, vmax, ...])	Create a `Brain` object with a data layer
`plot.brain.butterfly`(y[, cmap, vmin, vmax, ...])	Shortcut for a Butterfly-plot with a time-linked brain plot
`plot.brain.cluster`(cluster[, vmax])	Plot a spatio-temporal cluster
`plot.brain.dspm`(src[, fmin, fmax, fmid])	Plot a source estimate with coloring for dSPM values (bipolar).
`plot.brain.p_map`(p_map[, param_map, p0, p1, ...])	Plot a map of p-values in source space.
`plot.brain.annot`(annot[, subject, surf, ...])	Plot the parcellation in an annotation file
`plot.brain.annot_legend`(lh, rh, args, *kwargs)	Plot a legend for a freesurfer parcellation
`Brain`(subject, hemi[, surf, title, cortex, ...])	PySurfer `Brain` subclass returned by `plot.brain` functions
`plot.brain.SequencePlotter`([subject, ...])	Grid of anatomical images in one figure
`plot.GlassBrain`(ndvar[, cmap, vmin, vmax, ...])	Plot 2d projections of a brain volume
`plot.GlassBrain.butterfly`(y[, cmap, vmin, ...])	Shortcut for a butterfly-plot with a time-linked glassbrain plot

In order to make custom plots, a Brain figure without any data added can be created with plot.brain.brain(ndvar.source, mask=False).

Surface options for plotting data on fsaverage:

white

smoothwm

inflated_pre

inflated

inflated_avg

sphere

GUIs

Tools with a graphical user interface (GUI):

`gui.select_components`(path, data[, sysname, ...])	GUI for selecting ICA-components
`gui.select_epochs`(ds[, data, accept, blink, ...])	GUI for rejecting trials of MEG/EEG data
`gui.load_stcs`()	GUI for detecting and loading source estimates

Controlling the GUI Application

Eelbrain uses a wxPython based application to create GUIs. This GUI appears as a separate application with its own Dock icon. The way that control of this GUI is managed depends on the environment form which it is invoked.

When Eelbrain plots are created from within iPython, the GUI is managed in the background and control returns immediately to the terminal. There might be cases in which this is not desired, for example when running scripts. After execution of a script finishes, the interpreter is terminated and all associated plots are closed. To avoid this, the command gui.run(block=True) can be inserted at the end of the script, which will keep all gui elements open until the user quits the GUI application (see gui.run() below).

In interpreters other than iPython, input can not be processed from the GUI and the interpreter shell at the same time. In that case, the GUI application is activated by default whenever a GUI is created in interactive mode (this can be avoided by passing run=False to any plotting function). While the application is processing user input, the shell can not be used. In order to return to the shell, quit the application (the python/Quit Eelbrain menu command or Command-Q). In order to return to the terminal without closing all windows, use the alternative Go/Yield to Terminal command (Command-Alt-Q). To return to the application from the shell, run gui.run(). Beware that if you terminate the Python session from the terminal, the application is not given a chance to assure that information in open windows is saved.

gui.run([block])

Hand over command to the GUI (quit the GUI to return to the terminal)

Reports

The report submodule contains shortcuts for producing data summaries and visualizations. Meant to work in Jupyter notebooks.

report.scatter_table(xs[, color, sub, data, ...])

Table with pairwise scatter-plots (see plot.Scatter)

Formatted Text

The fmtxt submodule provides elements and tools for reports. Most eelbrain functions and methods that print tables in fact return fmtxt objects, which can be exported in different formats, for example:

>>> data = datasets.get_uts()
>>> table.stats('Y', 'A', 'B', data=data)
           B
     ---------------
     b0       b1
--------------------
a0   0.8857   0.4525
a1   0.3425   1.377
>>> type(table.stats('Y', 'A', 'B', data=data))
eelbrain.fmtxt.Table

This means that the result can be exported as formatted text, for example:

>>> fmtxt.save_pdf(table.stats('Y', 'A', 'B', data=data))

See available export functions in the module documentation:

fmtxt

Document model for formatted text documents

Experiment Pipeline

The MneExperiment class provides a template for analyzing EEG and MEG data. The objects for specifying the analysis are all in the pipeline submodule.

Datasets

Datasets for experimenting and testing:

`datasets.get_loftus_masson_1994`()	Dataset used for illustration purposes by Loftus and Masson (1994)
`datasets.get_mne_sample`([tmin, tmax, ...])	Load events and epochs from the MNE sample data
`datasets.get_uts`([utsnd, seed, nrm, vector3d])	Create a sample Dataset with 60 cases and random data.
`datasets.get_uv`([seed, nrm, vector])	Dataset with random univariate data
`datasets.simulate_erp`([n_trials, seed, snr, ...])	Simulate event-related EEG data

Configuration

eelbrain.configure(n_workers=None, frame=None, autorun=None, show=None, format=None, figure_background=None, prompt_toolkit=None, animate=None, nice=None, tqdm=None, log=None)

Set basic configuration parameters for the current session

Parameters

n_workers (Union[bool, int]) – Number of worker processes to use in multiprocessing enabled computations. False to disable multiprocessing. True (default) to use as many processes as cores are available. Negative numbers to use all but n available CPUs.
frame (bool) – Open figures in the Eelbrain application. This provides additional functionality such as copying a figure to the clipboard. If False, open figures as normal matplotlib figures.
autorun (bool) – When a figure is created, automatically enter the GUI mainloop. By default, this is True when the figure is created in interactive mode but False when the figure is created in a script (in order to run the GUI at a specific point in a script, call eelbrain.gui.run()).
show (bool) – Show plots on the screen when they’re created (disable this to create plots and save them without showing them on the screen).
format (str) – Default format for plots (for example “png”, “svg”, …).
figure_background (bool | matplotlib color) – While matplotlib uses a gray figure background by default, Eelbrain uses white. Set this parameter to False to use the default from matplotlib.rcParams, or set it to a valid matplotblib color value to use an arbitrary color. True to revert to the default white.
prompt_toolkit (Literal[False, 'eelbrain', 'wx']) – In IPython 5, prompt_toolkit allows running the GUI main loop in parallel to the Terminal, meaning that the IPython terminal and GUI windows can be used without explicitly switching between Terminal and GUI. Set to 'eelbrain' to use the Eelbrain-specific GUI loop (default); 'wx' to use iPython’s GUI loop; False to block the terminal instead (can be more stable when using GUIs).
animate (bool) – Animate plot navigation (default True).
nice (int [-20, 19]) – Scheduling priority for muliprocessing (larger number yields more to other processes; negative numbers require root privileges).
tqdm (bool) – Enable or disable tqdm progress bars.
log (bool) – Enable logging (for debugging Eelbrain).

`plot.LineStack`(y[, x, sub, ds, offset, ...])	Stack multiple lines vertically
`plot.UTS`(y[, xax, axtitle, data, sub, ...])	Value by time plot for UTS data
`plot.UTSStat`(y[, x, xax, match, sub, data, ...])	Plot statistics for a one-dimensional NDVar

`plot.Array`(y[, xax, xlabel, ylabel, ...])	Plot UTS data to a rectangular grid.
`plot.Butterfly`(y[, xax, sensors, axtitle, ...])	Butterfly plot for NDVars

`plot.TopoArray`(y[, xax, data, sub, vmax, ...])	Channel by sample plots with topomaps for individual time points
`plot.TopoButterfly`(y[, xax, data, sub, ...])	Butterfly plot with corresponding topomaps
`plot.Topomap`(y[, xax, data, sub, vmax, ...])	Plot individual topogeraphies
`plot.TopomapBins`(y[, xax, data, sub, ...])	Topomaps in time-bins

`plot.SensorMap`(sensors[, labels, proj, ...])	Plot sensor positions in 2 dimensions
`plot.SensorMaps`(sensors[, select, proj, ...])	Multiple views on a sensor layout.
`plot.SensorMap3d`(sensors[, labels, connectivity])	Plot sensor positions in 3 dimensions

`ROITestResult`(subjects, samples, ...)	Test results for temporal tests in one or more ROIs
`ROI2StageResult`(subjects, samples, ...)	Test results for 2-stage tests in one or more ROIs

`plot.preview_partitions`([cases, partitions, ...])	Preview how data will be partitioned for the boosting function
`plot.DataSplit`(splits[, legend, colors, xlabel])

`Group`(subjects)	Group defined as collection of subjects
`SubGroup`(base, exclude)	Group defined by removing subjects from a base group

`RawSource`([filename, reader, sysname, ...])	Raw data source
`RawFilter`(source[, l_freq, h_freq, cache, ...])	Filter raw pipe
`RawICA`(source, session[, method, ...])	ICA raw pipe
`RawMaxwell`(source[, bad_condition, cache])	Maxwell filter raw pipe
`RawOversampledTemporalProjection`(source[, ...])	Oversampled temporal projection: see `mne.preprocessing.oversampled_temporal_projection()`
`RawReReference`(source[, reference, add, ...])	Re-reference EEG data
`RawApplyICA`(source, ica[, cache])	Apply ICA estimated in a `RawICA` pipe

`EvalVar`(code[, session])	Variable based on evaluating a statement
`GroupVar`(groups[, session])	Group membership for each subject
`LabelVar`(source, codes[, default, session])	Variable assigning labels to values